Innovative Techniques of Generating Form
A polysurface consists of two or more surfaces joined together. If the polysurface fully encloses a volume, it is also a solid. It attempts to explain a surface with high complexity that can be represented only in 3D environment.
1. Interactive Membranes : Polysurfaces
Image 1 : Polysurface Edges highlighted
(from http://www.rhino3d.com/4/help/Information/Glossary.htm)
One of the techniques for generating Polysurfaces is with the Cross Sections through the use of NURBS.
Predator by Greg Lynn, an installation designed using digital systems which enable the production of spatial variations by manipulating the specific digital models. It is a space-encompassing sculpture made of transparent synthetic panels of various dimensions and surface design with its interior sides serve as a grounding for digital painting on plastic foil.
Image 2 : The predator
Image 3 : The interior
Image 4 : The detail
2. Spatial-temporal Alterations: Keyframing, Morphing, Inverse Kinematics
Keyframing : a general animation system
Morphing : a particular type of animation that changes one image into another through a seamless transition.
Inverse kinematics : the process of determining the parameters of jointed flexible objects in order to achieve a desired pose. It is a type of motion planning.
2.1 Keyframing
Defines the starting and end points of any smooth transitions.
Video 1 : An example of basic keyframes done in blender
(from : http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6tW9MlzEddk)
The Paramorph Project (Gateway to the South Bank), London 1999 has been developed as a paramorph,an element which whilst keeping the same base characteristics, adopts different form. Both social and formal behaviors are interrelated through systems of animations to create this soundscapes and lightscapes modeled from the activities and rhythms of people in movement.
Image 5 : The Paramorph (gateway) South bank
2.2 Morphing
This technique transforms one form into another and make a fluid transition between the initial and final states, allowing the control of particularly complex morphological transformation.
Image 6 : An example illustration of Morphing Techniques
(from : http://faculty.matcmadison.edu/wphillips/lesson9.htm)
Video 2 : Blender box morph
2.3 : Inverse Kinematics
It's the process of determining the parameters of a jointed flexible objects( a kinematic chain) in order to achieve a desired pose. It's a type of motion planning that is frequently used in association with the Skeletal Structure.
Image 7 : Turning the entire hierarchy with Forward Kinematics will cause the feet to slide.
(from : http://software.intel.com/en-us/articles/character-animation-skeletons-and-inverse-kinematics/)
Image 8: A simple bone setup with Inverse Kinematics handle.
(from : http://software.intel.com/en-us/articles/character-animation-skeletons-and-inverse-kinematics/)
The green triangle in image 8 formed the bend of the 'elbow', the op of the shoulder, and the wrist, indicates the elbow's rotation plane. This plane enable the elbow to swig outward.
3. Dynamic Physical Interactions : Metaballs, Particle System/Space Warps, Dynamic
3.1 MetaballsThis software helps to control the simulation by making the attractors-elements react among themselves and generate a fluid capable of reflecting the complexities of magma.
Video 3 : A blender meta ball animation
(from : http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QOzBLA88EhE&feature=related)
Video 4 : Metaball modelling
(from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vGapGt25U3U)
Refining a shape in blender by just adding more and more metaballs to the same area without having to add the geometry.
3.2 Particle Systems
The Particle Systems which is oriented according to the lines of geographic development set by the municipal government, are made to react with forces present on site.
Space Wraps allow a region of space to be assigned the characteristics of causing particular deformations and effects in the objects found.
3.3 Dynamics
It is defined by the science of movement that takes into considerations of the mass, roughness, and elasticity of an object and the forces applied to it. By taking into account the objective properties of the elements made to react, this tool enable the architect to produce interesting form.
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